Circuits and portability
BCG therapy reduces the risk of relapse by 30–40% and progression in high-risk tumors and carcinoma in situ; begins 2–4 weeks after TUR when the mucous membrane is healing. The vaccine is administered in 50 ml of solution, held for 2 hours with body turns; on the first day, urine is disinfected with a chlorine-containing agent. Side effects - cystitis-like symptoms, low-grade fever for 1-2 days; at temperatures above 38.5 °C, hematuria and infection, administration is postponed. Chemotherapy drugs are used for tumors of low and intermediate risk, a single injection is administered in the first hours after TUR. Control - cystoscopy every 3 months.
Why are instillations performed?
Instillation is the introduction of a drug directly into the bladder or urethra through a catheter, which creates a high local concentration without systemic action. It is used for chronic and interstitial cystitis, radiation cystitis, chronic urethritis (antiseptics, hyaluronic acid, heparin, drugs for mucosal restoration), as well as in oncourology - intravesical BCG and chemotherapy after TUR of a bladder tumor to prevent relapses.
How it goes
After treating the external opening of the urethra and introducing an anesthetic gel into the bladder, a thin catheter is inserted, residual urine is removed, 20–50 ml of solution is injected, and the catheter is removed. The drug is held for 30 minutes - 2 hours (with BCG - 2 hours, changing position). Course - from 6 to 10 procedures with an interval of 2 days to a week; oncology regimens - 6 weekly induction, then maintenance.
