Podology: diseases — симптомы, диагностика и лечение

An ingrown toenail is a condition in which the edge of the nail plate cuts into the side of the finger, causing pain, swelling, and then inflammation and suppuration. The big toe is most often affected. The reason, contrary to popular belief, is usually not in “wrong nails” or heredity, but in habit - in the way a person cuts his nails. Cutting the corners “deeper” so that the edge does not interfere, creates a sharp thorn under the roller, which, as it grows, rests on the skin and pierces it. Then tight shoes and humidity come into play, and a vicious circle results: the more it hurts, the more you want to cut off a corner, and each such cut makes the next episode inevitable.

Diabetic foot syndrome is damage to the tissues of the foot in a person with diabetes that occurs due to a combination of two processes: nerve damage and poor blood supply. The most insidious thing here is the absence of pain. With diabetic neuropathy, the foot loses sensation, and a callus, abrasion from a new shoe, a burn from a heating pad, or a pebble in a shoe goes unnoticed until an ulcer forms in its place. People are accustomed to trusting pain as an alarm signal, but with diabetes this signal is turned off - and that is why examining the feet with one’s own eyes every evening becomes not a hygienic habit, but a full-fledged medical procedure. The vast majority of amputations due to diabetes are preceded by an ulcer, which could be noticed in time.

Fungal infections of the skin and nails are one of the most common dermatological problems and at the same time the one where the wrong treatment is most often made. A damaged nail is not always affected by fungus: trauma, psoriasis, eczema and circulatory disorders give a similar picture. Therefore, the rule is simple: before starting treatment, you need to confirm the diagnosis in a laboratory. Therapy for onychomycosis lasts for months, costs money and requires liver monitoring - spending all this on a non-fungal problem is pointless.