Dermatovenereology: diseases — симптомы, диагностика и лечение

Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, and at the same time one of the most “silent”: a significant proportion of those infected do not have any symptoms at all. That is why it is often detected already at the stage of examination for infertility or chronic inflammation. The good news is that if detected early, chlamydia can be reliably cured with a short course of antibiotics.

Gonorrhea is an infection caused by gonococcus, one of the most well-known sexually transmitted diseases. In men, it usually manifests itself clearly: profuse purulent discharge and pain when urinating a few days after contact. In women, on the contrary, it often occurs secretly. The main modern problem of gonorrhea is the growing resistance of the pathogen to antibiotics, due to which self-medication has become truly dangerous.

Trichomoniasis is caused not by a bacterium or a virus, but by a protozoan - Trichomonas. It is one of the most common curable sexually transmitted infections. Its peculiarity lies in the sharp difference in the picture between men and women: women usually notice profuse foamy discharge and itching, while in men the disease is often almost asymptomatic, which is why they become an invisible source of infection.

Mycoplasma and ureaplasma are the topic around which the most confusion and unnecessary treatment has accumulated. Having discovered them in the analysis, many receive long courses of antibiotics, although not all of these microorganisms are causative agents of the disease. The key to understanding is simple: among them there is one unconditional pathogen that always requires treatment, and several representatives of opportunistic flora that are treated only under certain conditions.

Genital warts are growths on the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs caused by the human papillomavirus. This is the most common sexually transmitted viral infection. It is important to immediately separate two points: condylomas themselves are caused by types of the virus of low oncogenic risk and do not turn into cancer, but at the same time a person can be a carrier of oncogenic types that are associated with cervical and penile cancer.

Genital herpes is a viral infection that causes painful blisters and sores to appear on the genitals. Its main feature is that the virus, once it enters the body, remains in the nerve nodes for life and is periodically activated. This sounds alarming, but in practice the disease is well controlled: modern therapy can reduce the frequency of exacerbations by several times and significantly reduce the risk of transmission to a partner.

Syphilis is an infection caused by Treponema pallidum, known for its ability to masquerade as dozens of other diseases. Its insidiousness is that the first manifestations are painless and go away on their own: the ulcer heals without any treatment, the person calms down, and meanwhile the infection spreads throughout the body. At the same time, syphilis is completely curable at any stage - the only question is what consequences will remain by the time treatment begins.