Dentistry: diseases — симптомы, диагностика и лечение
57 заболеваний · 41 clinic · page 3 of 6
Dystopia (improper position) of teeth
Dystopia is the incorrect position of a tooth in the jaw: it is tilted, rotated around its axis, shifted forward or backward, or even erupted outside the dentition. Most often, wisdom teeth and fangs suffer, which are the last to erupt and do not find a place for themselves. The reasons are discrepancy between the sizes of teeth and jaw, early loss of baby teeth, bad habits in childhood, heredity, supernumerary teeth. A dystopic tooth is difficult to clean, so caries and gum inflammation quickly develop around it, and it can injure the cheek or tongue and displace neighboring teeth. The tactics are chosen individually: some teeth are placed in a row with braces, others are easier to remove.
МКБ-10: K07.3 6 clinics
Toothache
Toothache is one of the most painful types of pain, because the dental pulp is enclosed in hard walls and when inflamed, the swelling has no way out, squeezing the nerve endings. The reasons are different: deep caries, pulpitis, inflammation at the apex of the root, cracked tooth, inflammation of the gums, problems with the wisdom tooth. The nature of the pain suggests a lot: a short reaction to cold indicates caries or sensitivity, prolonged throbbing pain that gets worse at night indicates pulpitis, and pain when biting and the feeling of an “overgrown” tooth indicates periodontitis. Painkillers only buy time: without treatment, the process continues.
МКБ-10: K08.8 6 clinics
Change in tooth color
The color of a tooth is determined by a thin translucent layer of enamel and dentin showing through it. When the shade changes, the reason lies either outside or inside the tooth. External staining is caused by plaque, tea, coffee, spices, smoking and nasvay, and it can be removed by professional hygiene. Internal changes are associated with the tooth tissue itself: age-related thickening of dentin, trauma with pulp death, caries, the consequences of root canal treatment, taking certain antibiotics in childhood or excess fluoride. Separately, there are chalky and brown spots with fluorosis and initial caries. Understanding the cause is important because bleaching does not help with all types of darkening.
МКБ-10: K03.7 6 clinics
Oral candidiasis (thrush in the mouth)
Oral candidiasis is a fungal inflammation of the mucous membrane caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. These fungi live in small quantities in the mouths of healthy people and do not cause harm as long as they are contained by local immunity and normal microflora. The disease develops when the balance is disturbed: after a course of antibiotics, against the background of inhaled hormones for asthma, with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, dry mouth and wearing removable dentures. In infants, thrush is common due to the immaturity of the defense mechanisms. It appears as a cheesy white coating, under which the red, inflamed mucous membrane is exposed.
МКБ-10: B37.0 9 clinics
Caries of primary teeth in children
Caries of primary teeth is the destruction of enamel and dentin under the influence of acids, which are produced by plaque bacteria from sugar residues. In children it develops faster than in adults: the enamel of baby teeth is thinner and less mineralized, and the pulp chamber is located closer to the surface. Therefore, it can only take a few months from a white spot to pain and inflammation. The common myth that there is no need to treat baby teeth is dangerous: advanced caries leads to pain, gumboil, damage to the permanent tooth germ, and disturbances in chewing and biting. Treatment today can be gentle and painless, and prevention begins with the appearance of the first tooth.
МКБ-10: K02.9 9 clinics
Wedge-shaped tooth defect
A wedge-shaped defect is a non-carious lesion of a tooth in the neck area, at the very border with the gum. The tissue declines in the form of a wedge or step with smooth, dense walls, most often on the canines and premolars of the upper jaw. This is not caries: bacteria have nothing to do with it, the surface of the defect is hard and shiny. There are other reasons - excessive chewing load, which causes micro-stresses in the cervical area, aggressive cleaning with a hard brush and abrasive paste, as well as exposure to acids. The defect slowly deepens, the teeth become sensitive to cold, and in advanced cases the nerve suffers.
МКБ-10: K03.1 6 clinics
Oral leukoplakia
Leukoplakia of the oral cavity is a white or grayish spot on the mucous membrane that cannot be removed with a spatula and is not explained by another disease. Appears on the inner surface of the cheeks, tongue, floor of the mouth, red border of the lips and on the gums. It occurs as a response of the mucous membrane to prolonged irritation: tobacco, including chewing and nasvay, strong alcohol, sharp edges of teeth and dentures. The spot itself usually does not hurt, and that is why it is noticed late. The main thing you need to know: leukoplakia is considered a precancerous change - in some patients it eventually turns into squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, any persistent white spot requires examination by a doctor and, usually, a biopsy.
МКБ-10: K13.2 8 clinics
Mucocele (retention cyst of the lip mucosa)
A mucocele is a small cavity with mucous contents that forms when the duct of a small salivary gland is damaged or blocked. Most often it occurs on the inner surface of the lower lip, less often on the cheek, tongue and floor of the mouth. It looks like a smooth translucent or bluish bubble ranging in size from a few millimeters to a centimeter, usually painless. A typical story: a person bit his lip, a few days later a bubble appeared, it opened, a viscous liquid flowed out, and then the formation returned. Mucocele is not dangerous and does not turn into a tumor, but it does not always go away on its own, so recurrent formations are removed along with the damaged gland.
МКБ-10: K11.6 6 clinics
Plaque on the tongue
Plaque on the tongue is an accumulation of desquamated cells, food debris, bacteria and their products between the papillae of the back of the tongue. Almost everyone has a thin whitish coating, especially in the morning, and is considered normal: during sleep, less saliva is secreted, and natural self-cleaning weakens. You should pay attention when the plaque becomes dense, does not disappear after cleaning, changes color, and is accompanied by bad breath, burning, pain, or a change in taste. The cause is often local - insufficient hygiene, smoking, dry mouth, candidiasis, but sometimes a coated tongue accompanies stomach diseases, dehydration and taking medications.
МКБ-10: K14.3 6 clinics
Bad breath (halitosis)
Halitosis is a persistent bad breath that does not go away after brushing your teeth and chewing gum. In the vast majority of cases, the source is located in the oral cavity itself: bacteria break down proteins from food debris, desquamated epithelium and plaque, releasing volatile sulfur compounds - they are what give the characteristic odor. The main reservoirs of these bacteria are the back of the tongue, gum pockets and carious cavities. Less commonly, the cause lies outside the mouth: chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis, diseases of the stomach, lungs, kidneys and liver. A separate situation is the morning smell and the smell after onions or garlic: this is the norm, not a disease.
МКБ-10: R19.6 7 clinics
Clinics Ташкента, где лечат эти заболевания
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🚶 150 m
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🚶 550 m
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· buses: 22
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🚶 2.5 km
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🚶 370 m
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🚶 30 m
· buses: 1, 17, 25
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🚶 60 m
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🚶 500 m
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🚶 190 m
· buses: 31, 34
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🚶 400 m
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🚶 280 m
· buses: 29
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🚶 250 m
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🚶 150 m
· buses: 24, 50, 51
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🚶 1.3 km
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🚶 2.0 km
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🚶 500 m
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· buses: 2, 9Т, 13, 17T, 41, 56
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🚶 50 m
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🚶 950 m
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🚶 1000 m
· buses: 47
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🚶 900 m
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🚶 1.2 km
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🚶 130 m
· buses: 5, 11, 23, 28, 29
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🚶 3.2 km
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🚶 1.1 km
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🚶 1.1 km
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🚶 2.0 km
🚌
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· buses: 5, 11, 23, 28, 29
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· buses: 9Т, 12
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State · Yashnobodsky (Khamza) district
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🚶 2.1 km
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🚶 2.2 km
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🚶 3.4 km
🚌
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🚶 210 m
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🚶 1.3 km
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🚌
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🚶 50 m
· buses: 13Т, 26
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