Collection and analysis in one place
Under local or spinal anesthesia, fragments of 2-3 mm are taken through a cystoscope with forceps from each suspicious area, in the absence of visible changes - according to a scheme of 6-8 zones (multifocal biopsy), including the prostatic urethra in men; sampling points are coagulated. The material is marked by zone and transferred to the pathologist; Immunohistochemistry is performed if necessary (eg, for carcinoma in situ). The conclusion is discussed after 7–10 days with a urologist oncologist, who prescribes treatment or observation.
Indications
- suspicious area of the mucosa during cystoscopy (redness, velvety, plaque) - exclusion of carcinoma in situ;
- positive urine cytology in the absence of a visible tumor - multifocal biopsy;
- control after TUR of the tumor and BCG therapy;
- chronic cystitis with suspicion of interstitial cystitis, leukoplakia, tuberculosis, amyloidosis;
- clarification of the nature of the formation before choosing an operation.
Results
Histology after 7–10 days indicates the presence of a tumor, its type and grade; for carcinoma in situ, BCG therapy is prescribed, for an invasive tumor - staging and TUR or cystectomy; In case of inflammatory changes, conservative treatment is selected. Biopsy is a diagnostic stage; If an exophytic tumor is detected, it is completely removed using TUR.
