Features of intervention on a molar
The molars are located deep, and important anatomical structures pass nearby - the mandibular canal below and the maxillary sinus above. Therefore, the operation is planned strictly according to computed tomography. Sometimes, instead of resection, hemisection is used - removal of one root along with the adjacent part of the crown, if it cannot be treated and the remaining roots are healthy.
When a tooth has to be removed
Modern dentistry strives to save the tooth to the last, but sometimes removal is the only correct option. This occurs with complete destruction of the crown and root, longitudinal fracture of the root, severe periodontitis with tooth mobility, a cyst that cannot be treated, and impacted wisdom teeth that damage neighboring teeth.
Extractions can also be part of an orthodontic plan when teeth do not have enough space in a row.
Difficulty categories
- simple removal - the tooth retains its crown, the roots are straight, intervention with forceps takes a few minutes
- moderate severity - the roots are bent or the crown is partially destroyed, an elevator and root separation are required
- complex - a tooth destroyed or fused with bone, cutting out a flap, cutting the tooth into fragments, sutures
- impacted or dystopic tooth - not erupted or positioned incorrectly, removed surgically
How does the hole heal?
Immediately after removal, a blood clot forms in the socket - this is a natural dressing that protects the bone and initiates healing. It should not be washed out by rinsing on the first day. The mucous membrane closes the hole in 7–10 days, the bone tissue is completely restored in 3–4 months.
If after 2-3 days the pain intensifies and an unpleasant odor appears, alveolitis, inflammation of the socket, is likely. This condition requires a visit to the doctor, not self-medication.
What to do with the gap after removal
After removal, the bone at the site of the tooth gradually decreases, and neighboring teeth shift towards the defect. Therefore, it is better to discuss the issue of replacement - with an implant or a prosthesis - immediately, without delaying it for years.