How does a membrane work?
Soft gum tissue grows several times faster than bone. Without a barrier, they grow into the defect and occupy the place where bone tissue should have formed. The membrane physically separates these zones, giving the bone time to heal. Resorbable membranes dissolve on their own within 4–6 months; non-resorbable membranes are removed at the second stage. They are used together with bone material for osteoplasty and sinus lifting.
How does implantation work?
A dental implant is a titanium screw that is implanted into the jawbone and takes on the role of a tooth root. Titanium has the property of osseointegration: bone tissue grows into the microrelief of its surface and firmly fixes the implant.
The main advantage over a bridge is that the adjacent teeth are not ground down, and the bone under the implant receives load and does not atrophy.
Implantation stages
- diagnostics and planning using computed tomography
- if necessary, bone grafting or sinus lift
- installation of an implant with a cover screw
- healing: 3–4 months on the lower jaw, 4–6 on the upper jaw
- installation of a healing abutment
- abutment and permanent crown
When is bone grafting needed?
After tooth extraction, the bone gradually decreases in both height and width. If the volume is not enough, the implant will not receive reliable primary fixation. In such cases, the bone is built up: bone material is planted, covered with a barrier membrane, and a sinus lift is performed on the upper jaw in the area of the chewing teeth - raising the bottom of the maxillary sinus.
Contraindications
Implantation is not performed in cases of decompensated diabetes mellitus, severe blood and heart diseases, active cancer, or during pregnancy. Smoking and poor hygiene do not prohibit implantation, but they significantly increase the risk of inflammation around the implant.