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Colic in a newborn: why it occurs, what helps and when it will go away - pediatricians in Tashkent

Other names: Младенческие колики, кишечные колики у новорождённого, колики у грудничка, плач по вечерам, правило трёх

Infantile colic is not a diagnosis, not a disease or an intestinal pathology, but a description of behavior: a healthy child who is gaining weight well in the first months of life cries for a long time, most often in the evening, pulls up his legs, blushes, and it is almost impossible to calm him down. Doctors rely on the so-called rule of three: crying lasts more than three hours a day, repeats more than three days a week and lasts more than three weeks. About every fifth baby has colic, it begins in the second or third week of life, reaches a peak at six weeks and goes away on its own by three to four months - regardless of what you gave the child. This is a difficult period, but it is finite, and the main task of parents is not to find a magic cure, but to make sure that there is no illness behind the crying, and to survive these weeks while maintaining strength.

🧾 МКБ-10: R10.4 🏥 Where it is treated: 6 This is not a diseaseGoes away by 3–4 monthsThree o'clock rule
👨‍⚕️ Which doctor
Pediatrician
🔬 Diagnostics
Usually not required: clinical diagnosis
💊 Treatment
Care, contact, feeding technique; medications are rare
📈 Prognosis
Completely pass on their own
⚠️ At risk
Age 2 weeks - 4 months, smoking in the house
⏱ When to see a doctor
Planned; If there are alarming signs - urgently

🚨 See a doctor urgently

With these signs do not wait for a scheduled appointment — the condition requires emergency care.

  • Рвота фонтаном, особенно повторяющаяся, или рвота с зелёным окрашиванием
  • Кровь или слизь в стуле, чёрный дегтеобразный стул
  • Ребёнок перестал прибавлять в весе или начал терять вес
  • Температура выше 38 градусов у ребёнка до 3 месяцев — это всегда повод для немедленного обращения
  • Приступ, когда крик резко сменяется бледностью и обмяканием, ребёнок становится вялым между эпизодами
  • Отказ от еды, заметное уменьшение количества мокрых подгузников, сухие губы, отсутствие слёз
  • Вздутый напряжённый живот, который болезненный при прикосновении, отсутствие стула и газов
  • Постоянный монотонный плач без светлых промежутков, необычный по звучанию крик
  • Выбухание родничка, судороги, необычная сонливость

What is colic and what does it look like?

The exact cause of colic has not yet been established, and this should be admitted honestly. Most likely, it is a combination of several factors: the immaturity of the nervous system and its ability to cope with the flow of new sensations, the development of intestinal function and its microflora, and increased sensitivity to common irritants. The word "colic" implies abdominal pain, but there is no conclusive evidence that the baby actually has abdominal pain.

  • Begins at 2–3 weeks of life, peaks at approximately 6 weeks, goes away by 3–4 months
  • Crying occurs suddenly, for no apparent reason: the child is not hungry, the diaper is dry, he got enough sleep
  • Most often, episodes occur in the evening hours, from about 17 to 23
  • The child screams loudly and shrilly, clenches his fists, pulls his legs to his stomach, blushes, arches
  • The abdomen may be swollen and pass gas frequently; crying often stops after passing gas or stool
  • It is difficult to calm down using conventional methods: the baby takes the breast and immediately drops it
  • Between episodes the child is completely normal: smiles, eats calmly, sleeps normally during the day
  • Weight gain and development are completely age appropriate
Существует представление, что плачущий вечерами ребёнок «недоедает», «плохо переваривает» или «мучается от газов». В действительности повышенное количество газов чаще является следствием долгого плача, когда ребёнок заглатывает воздух, а не его причиной. Это одна of причин, по которой средства «от газиков» так редко дают заметный эффект.

How to distinguish colic from illness

This is the most important practical question, and the answer to it is given not by the nature of the crying, but by the condition of the child as a whole.

  • With colic, the child between attacks is calm, active, interested in his surroundings - with illness he is constantly lethargic
  • With colic, he eats well and gains weight normally - losing weight or stopping the gain eliminates colic
  • With colic, there is no fever, no vomiting, no blood in the stool
  • Crying during colic has a clear daily pattern, often in the evening; the disease does not choose the time of day
  • Colic falls within the age range: up to 2 weeks and after 4–5 months, such crying requires a different explanation
  • You should be wary of cow's milk protein intolerance - with a rash, mucus and blood in the stool, regurgitation, poor growth
  • Other possible causes of crying: urinary tract infection, ear infection, severe reflux, strangulated hernia, hair stuck around a finger or genitals, corneal scratch
Есть простой приём, о котором знают не все родители: если ребёнок безутешно плачет, разденьте его полностью и осмотрите с головы до ног, включая пальцы рук и ног. Волос или нитка, туго затянувшиеся вокруг пальца, вызывают сильную боль, встречаются чаще, чем принято думать, и легко устраняются.

What really helps

There is no universal remedy, and you should accept in advance that some evenings will be difficult in any case. But the following really alleviates the condition of the child and parents.

  • Close skin-to-skin contact: carried, slung, or carried—babies who are carried more tend to cry less on average.
  • Rhythmic rocking, swaying, walking with a child in your arms
  • White noise: hood, hairdryer, special recording - monotonous sound reminiscent of what the baby heard before birth
  • Swaddling is for those babies who like it - it limits erratic arm movements
  • Position on the stomach on the forearm of an adult, face down, with the head supported; In this case, the child should only sleep on his back
  • Warm bath before an evening attack
  • Proper breast latch and vertical position 10-15 minutes after feeding to allow air to escape
  • Feeding on demand, without maintaining intervals; when feeding with formula, select the correct nipple so that the baby does not swallow air
  • Massage the abdomen clockwise and exercise the “bicycle” between attacks, and not during a cry
  • Quiet atmosphere in the evening: less guests, light, noise and changing hands
  • Quitting smoking in the home - tobacco smoke is significantly associated with more severe colic

It’s worth mentioning separately that it doesn’t always help, but sometimes it’s the key. If, in addition to crying, the child has a rash, mucus or streaks of blood in the stool, frequent regurgitation and poor growth, the doctor may suggest a trial exclusion of dairy products from the nursing mother’s diet for two to three weeks or a change in formula. This is done on the recommendation of a doctor and with a mandatory reverse check: if there is no effect, the products are returned.

What doesn't work and what is better not to do

  • Dill water, fennel teas and other herbal remedies - no convincing evidence of effectiveness
  • Preparations based on simethicone - in studies they were not superior to a pacifier, although they usually do not harm
  • Enzymes, sorbents and courses “for microflora” without a doctor’s prescription
  • Frequently changing the mixture at random: it creates more problems than it solves and makes it difficult to understand what is happening
  • A strict diet for a nursing mother with the exclusion of dozens of foods has not shown any benefit, and the woman’s nutrition worsens
  • Gas tube and enemas as a daily practice - when used regularly, they irritate the mucous membrane and interfere with the formation of one’s own reflex
  • Painkillers and any medications “just in case” without a doctor’s examination
  • Attempts to “maintain character” and not approach a crying baby - at this age it is impossible to spoil a child with your hands
Самое стойкое заблуждение о коликах состоит в том, что они возникают «от нервов мамы» или от её тревожности. Такой зависимости не подтверждено, а вот обратная связь очевидна: многочасовой плач ребёнка делает измотанной и тревожной любую мать. Чувство вины здесь не помогает никому и отнимает силы, которые нужны на уход за ребёнком.

Parents: how not to burn out

This is almost never discussed at receptions, although this is where the real risk lies. An infant's incessant crying is one of the heaviest stresses on an adult's psyche and is a known precipitant of parental out-of-control episodes.

  1. Договоритесь о сменах заранее: вечерние часы делятся между взрослыми, чтобы каждый имел паузу.
  2. Если чувствуете, что на пределе, положите ребёнка на спину в кроватку, выйдите of комнаты и дайте себе несколько минут. В кроватке он в безопасности, даже если плачет.
  3. Никогда, ни при каких обстоятельствах не трясите ребёнка. Встряхивание младенца вызывает кровоизлияния в мозг и необратимые повреждения — это происходит именно в моменты отчаяния от плача.
  4. Ешьте и спите урывками, но регулярно; сон в те часы, когда спит ребёнок, важнее уборки.
  5. Принимайте помощь родственников в бытовых делах, а не только в присмотре за ребёнком.
  6. Расскажите педиатру о своём состоянии, если чувствуете подавленность, безнадёжность или раздражение на ребёнка — это частая и решаемая ситуация, а не признак плохой матери.
  7. Помните о конечности периода: пик приходится на 6 недель, дальше становится легче с каждой неделей.
Плач младенца устроен так, чтобы взрослый не мог его игнорировать — это эволюционный механизм, и именно поэтому он так изматывает. Ощущение «я не справляюсь» в этот период испытывает большинство родителей, и оно не говорит ни о вашей несостоятельности, ни о diseases ребёнка.

When to go to the doctor and what he will do

  1. Обязательно — при любом of тревожных признаков: рвота фонтаном, кровь в стуле, температура, потеря веса, вялость между приступами.
  2. При плаче, который не укладывается в возрастные рамки: начался до 2 недель или продолжается после 4–5 месяцев.
  3. Если плач сопровождается сыпью, упорными срыгиваниями, слизью в стуле — врач оценит вероятность непереносимости белка коровьего молока.
  4. Врач взвесит ребёнка и оценит динамику прибавки — это самый информативный показатель.
  5. Осмотрит полностью: живот, паховые области на предмет грыжи, уши, кожу, пальцы рук и ног.
  6. Оценит технику кормления и захват груди, при искусственном вскармливании — объём, смесь и соску.
  7. Анализы при типичных коликах обычно не нужны; их назначают только при подозрении на конкретную проблему, например анализ мочи при необъяснимой лихорадке.
Приём при коликах приносит пользу даже тогда, когда никакого лечения не назначается. Подтверждение, что ребёнок здоров и хорошо развивается, объяснение сроков и конкретные рекомендации по режиму заметно снижают тревогу семьи — а спокойные родители справляются с вечерними часами существенно легче.

Frequently asked questions: Infantile colic

When will the colic go away?+
They usually begin at 2–3 weeks of age, peak at approximately 6 weeks, and gradually subside by 3–4 months. This happens on its own as the nervous system and intestines mature, regardless of what remedies are used. After 4–5 months, it is no longer possible to explain crying as colic.
Do dill water and gas drops help?+
There is no convincing evidence of the effectiveness of dill water, fennel teas and simethicone-based drugs - in studies they did not outperform a pacifier. Usually there is no harm from them either, but you shouldn’t count on them. Contact, carrying, rocking, white noise and proper feeding work noticeably better.
Does mom need to go on a strict diet?+
Strict restrictions have not shown any benefit and only worsen the nutrition of a nursing woman. It only makes sense to trially exclude dairy products for 2-3 weeks if cow’s milk protein intolerance is suspected - on the recommendation of a doctor and with the obligatory return of the products if there is no effect.
Is it worth changing the mixture?+
At random - no. Frequently changing the mixture creates more problems than it solves and makes it difficult to understand what is really going on. The issue is discussed with the pediatrician, and a change is justified primarily if cow's milk protein intolerance is suspected, and not with ordinary colic.
How to distinguish colic from pain due to illness?+
The key sign is the state between attacks: with colic, the child is calm, eats well and gains weight normally. Weight loss, vomiting like a fountain or green vomit, blood in the stool, fever, lethargy, refusal to eat and attacks in which screaming is replaced by pallor and limpness should be alerted.
What should I do if I can't stand crying anymore?+
Place your baby on his back in the crib, leave the room and give yourself a few minutes - he is safe in the crib, even if he cries. Under no circumstances should you shake the baby: this causes cerebral hemorrhages. Ask your loved ones about a change and be sure to tell the pediatrician about your condition.

The information on this page is for reference only and does not replace a doctor consultation. Only a qualified specialist can make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment after an in-person examination.

Where it is treated infant colic в Ташкенте

Главный ориентир для родителей прост: при коликах между приступами ребёнок спокоен, хорошо ест и нормально прибавляет в весе — если это не так, дело не в коликах и нужен осмотр. Педиатрия и наблюдение детей первого года жизни в Ташкенте:

Tashkent, Mirabad district, st. Oybek, 34d
M Toshkent 🚶 550 m
M Oybek 🚶 850 m
M Kosmonavtlar 🚶 1.3 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 150 m · buses: 22
Tashkent, Yakkasaray district, st. Sh.Rustaveli, 109 A
M Oybek 🚶 2.4 km
M Kosmonavtlar 🚶 2.6 km
M Novza 🚶 2.9 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 70 m · buses: 2, 11, 12, 40, 45, 47
Пн–Sat:08:00–17:30
Closed now
Tashkent, Khamza district, M. Ulugbek Ave., 5d
M Mashinasozlar 🚶 1.1 km
M Do'stlik 🚶 1.1 km
M Hamid Olimjon 🚶 1.6 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 50 m · buses: 28
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Chilanzar district, st. Foziltepa, 40d
M Olmazor 🚶 3.2 km
M Chilonzor 🚶 3.2 km
M Mirzo Ulug'bek 🚶 3.6 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 320 m · buses: 13, 17T, 33
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now
st. Mirzaeva 50, Yunusabad 17, Yunusabad district, Tashkent Landmark: opposite the Nazar M...
M Turkiston 🚶 1.5 km
M Yunusobod 🚶 2.0 km
M Shahriston 🚶 2.8 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 100 m · buses: 7
Mon–Fri:09:00–18:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Yashnobod district, st. Dzharkurgon, 37d
M Quyliq 🚶 1.4 km
M Matonat 🚶 1.6 km
M Yangiobod 🚶 1.7 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 60 m · buses: 15, 26
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now

ICD-10 code

Official international classification codes — these are used in medical records and statistics.

Other diseases: Pediatrics

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