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Bronchial asthma: symptoms, inhalers and treatment in Tashkent

Other names: Астма, астматический бронхит, аллергическая астма

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract, in which the bronchi become overly sensitive and narrow in response to irritants. Hence the attacks of shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing. The main misconception that prevents you from being treated correctly is the belief that asthma can be treated with an inhaler “when it strikes.” This inhaler relieves an attack, but does not affect inflammation; the disease continues to progress. The real treatment is a daily basal inhaler, which many people skip precisely because it doesn't provide immediate relief.

🧾 МКБ-10: J45 🏥 Where it is treated: 9 Basic inhaler - every daySpirometry is requiredGood asthma - no attacks
👨‍⚕️ Which doctor
Pulmonologist, allergist
🔬 Diagnostics
Spirometry with bronchodilator, peak flowmetry
💊 Treatment
Inhaled corticosteroids + bronchodilators
📈 Prognosis
Well controlled
⚠️ At risk
Allergies, heredity, smoking
⏱ When to see a doctor
In case of a severe attack - an ambulance

🚨 See a doctor urgently

With these signs do not wait for a scheduled appointment — the condition requires emergency care.

  • Одышка в покое, невозможность говорить полными предложениями
  • Синюшность губ, участие вспомогательных мышц в дыхании
  • Ингалятор «скорой помощи» не помогает или помогает менее чем на 2 часа
  • «Немое лёгкое» — хрипы исчезли, но состояние ухудшилось
  • Спутанность, сонливость, резкая слабость
  • Потребность в ингаляторе скорой помощи чаще 2 раз в неделю — астма не контролируется

How it manifests itself

  • Attacks of shortness of breath and suffocation, often at night and in the morning
  • Wheezing heard from a distance
  • Feeling of tightness in the chest
  • Dry paroxysmal cough; sometimes a cough is the only symptom
  • Symptoms are triggered by exercise, cold air, allergens, strong odors, infections
  • Reversibility is characteristic: after an inhaler or on its own, the condition is completely restored
Кашлевой вариант астмы часто месяцами лечат как «хронический бронхит» антибиотиками. Если сухой кашель длится более 3–4 недель, усиливается ночью и на нагрузке — нужна спирометрия.

Diagnostics

  1. Спирометрия с бронхолитической пробой — main метод: измеряют ОФВ1 до и после ингаляции бронхорасширяющего препарата. Прирост подтверждает обратимую обструкцию.
  2. Пикфлоуметрия дома — измерение пиковой скорости выдоха утром и вечером с ведением дневника.
  3. Аллергообследование: общий и специфические IgE, кожные пробы — определяют триггеры.
  4. Общий анализ крови с эозинофилами.
  5. Рентген грудной клетки — для исключения других причин.

Normal spirometry outside an attack does not exclude asthma. For typical complaints and normal examination, repeat measurements or stress tests are performed.

Two different inhalers - the main thing you need to understand

  • BASIC (inhaled corticosteroids, often in combination): treats inflammation. Taken DAILY, regardless of how you feel. Doesn't provide immediate relief - and that's why they abandon it
  • AMBULANCE (short-acting bronchodilator): dilates the bronchi, relieves an attack in minutes. Inflammation does not cure
  • Control point: if an emergency inhaler is needed more than 2 times a week, asthma is not controlled and the regimen needs to be changed
  • The modern approach for many patients allows the use of a combination inhaler both as a basic and as needed - the regimen is determined by the doctor
Частое использование только ингалятора скорой помощи без базисной терапии повышает риск тяжёлых обострений. Это одна of главных причин госпитализаций при астме.

Inhalation technique

  1. Встряхнуть баллончик, снять колпачок, сделать полный выдох.
  2. Обхватить мундштук губами, начать медленный глубокий вдох и одновременно нажать на баллончик.
  3. Продолжать вдох, затем задержать дыхание на 10 секунд.
  4. При использовании ингаляционных гормонов — обязательно прополоскать рот, чтобы избежать кандидоза.
  5. Использовать спейсер: он значительно улучшает попадание препарата в бронхи, особенно у детей и пожилых.

Up to 70% of patients use their inhaler incorrectly, causing the drug to settle in the mouth and not work. The technique should be shown to the doctor at the appointment - this is often more important than changing the drug.

Control and lifestyle

  • Eliminating triggers: house dust mites, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke
  • Quitting smoking, including passive smoking, is a must
  • Annual influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations
  • Physical activity is needed: for controlled asthma, sports are not contraindicated; for asthma of physical exertion, use an inhaler before exercise
  • Caution with NSAIDs for aspirin-induced asthma
  • A written plan of action in case of exacerbation, agreed upon with the doctor
  • Control of concomitant conditions: GERD, rhinitis, obesity - these worsen asthma control

Frequently asked questions: Bronchial asthma

How are the two inhalers different?+
Basic (with hormone) treats inflammation and is taken daily, even when nothing is bothering you. An emergency inhaler dilates the bronchi and relieves an attack in minutes, but does not cure inflammation.
Are the hormones in the inhaler dangerous?+
No. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids act locally in the bronchi, the doses are very small, and they do not produce the systemic effects characteristic of tablets. It is enough to rinse your mouth after inhalation.
How do you know if your asthma is under control?+
Daytime symptoms no more than 2 times a week, no night awakenings, an emergency inhaler is needed no more than 2 times a week, activity is not limited. Otherwise, the treatment regimen needs to be changed.
Is it possible to play sports?+
Yes, with controlled asthma, sports are not contraindicated and are useful. For exercise-induced asthma, use a bronchodilator before exercise as prescribed by a doctor.
Does asthma go away in children?+
For some children, symptoms significantly decrease or disappear by adolescence. But bronchial hyperreactivity may persist, so observation continues.
Why doesn't the inhaler help?+
A common cause is incorrect inhalation technique: the drug settles in the mouth. It is worth showing the technique to a doctor and using a spacer. The second reason is the lack of basic therapy.

The information on this page is for reference only and does not replace a doctor consultation. Only a qualified specialist can make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment after an in-person examination.

Where it is treated bronchial asthma в Ташкенте

Диагноз астмы подтверждается спирометрией, а лечение подбирается по уровню контроля. Приём пульмонологов и аллергологов в Ташкенте:

st. Mirzaeva 50, Yunusabad 17, Yunusabad district, Tashkent Landmark: opposite the Nazar M...
M Turkiston 🚶 1.5 km
M Yunusobod 🚶 2.0 km
M Shahriston 🚶 2.8 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 100 m · buses: 7
Mon–Fri:09:00–18:00
Closed now
Mukimiy street 144/1, Chilanzar district, Tashkent Landmarks: Novza metro station (former...
M Novza 🚶 400 m
M Mirzo Ulug'bek 🚶 650 m
M Milliy bog' 🚶 1.3 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 170 m · buses: 9Т, 56
Mon–Fri:09:00–18:00
Closed now
Branch No. 3: Birlashgan street, opposite the 4-City Clinical Hospital
M Tuzel 🚶 750 m
M Yashnobod 🚶 800 m
M Texnopark 🚶 1.4 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 200 m · buses: 22
Пн–Sat:07:00–20:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Mirabad district, st. Oybek, 34d
M Toshkent 🚶 550 m
M Oybek 🚶 850 m
M Kosmonavtlar 🚶 1.3 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 150 m · buses: 22
Tashkent, Shaykhontokhur district, st. Alimova, 1d
M Mirzo Ulug'bek 🚶 2.2 km
M Novza 🚶 2.4 km
M Chilonzor 🚶 2.5 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 160 m · buses: 43
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now
Tashkent city, Chilanzar district, Mukimiy street, 178
M Mirzo Ulug'bek 🚶 1.2 km
M Novza 🚶 1.2 km
M Milliy bog' 🚶 1.8 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 20 m · buses: 2, 9Т
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now
st. Archa Kucha, building 1, Shaykhantakhur district, Tashkent
M Novza 🚶 1.8 km
M Milliy bog' 🚶 2.0 km
M Mirzo Ulug'bek 🚶 2.1 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 70 m · buses: 23
Пн–Sun:09:00–17:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Almazar district, st. Kichik Khalka Yuli, 19d
M Chorsu 🚶 1.2 km
M Tinchlik 🚶 1.8 km
M Xalqlar Do'stligi 🚶 1.9 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 50 m · buses: 20, 27, 35, 46, 53
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Shaykhantakhur district, st. R. Fayziy, 4d
M Oybek 🚶 450 m
M Kosmonavtlar 🚶 450 m
M O'zbekiston 🚶 950 m
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 40 m · buses: 18, 38, 55, 58
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now

ICD-10 code

Official international classification codes — these are used in medical records and statistics.

The code does not replace a diagnosis — it is a statistical designation.

Other diseases: Pulmonology

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