Stomach and duodenal ulcers: treatment in Tashkent

Other names: Язва желудка, язва ДПК, язвенная болезнь, пептическая язва

Peptic ulcer is the formation of a deep defect in the wall of the stomach or duodenum. A few decades ago, it was considered a stress disease and was treated for years with diets. Today it is known that in the vast majority of cases there are only two reasons: Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This changed everything: ulcers are no longer a lifelong chronic problem and, in most cases, can be cured with a course of therapy lasting two weeks.

🧾 МКБ-10: K25–K26 🏥 Where it is treated: 8 Two causes: H. pylori and NSAIDsCurable with a courseBleeding - urgent

👨‍⚕️ Which doctor

Gastroenterologist

🔬 Diagnostics

FGDS, test for H. pylori

💊 Treatment

Eradication, proton pump inhibitors

📈 Prognosis

Cure when the cause is eliminated

⚠️ At risk

H. pylori, NSAIDs, smoking, heredity

⏱ When to see a doctor

In case of bleeding or perforation - urgently

🚨 See a doctor urgently

With these signs do not wait for a scheduled appointment — the condition requires emergency care.

Рвота с кровью или «кофейной гущей»
Чёрный дёгтеобразный стул (мелена)
Внезапная «кинжальная» боль в животе с доскообразным напряжением мышц — прободение
Резкая слабость, бледность, головокружение, обморок
Рвота съеденной накануне пищей — признак стеноза
Похудение и постоянная боль, не связанная с едой

How it manifests itself

Duodenal ulcer: “hungry” and night pain in the upper abdomen that goes away after eating or taking an antacid; Characteristic seasonality of exacerbations in spring and autumn
Stomach ulcer: pain occurs soon after eating, often accompanied by nausea and loss of appetite; sometimes patients avoid eating because of pain and lose weight
Heartburn, sour belching, bloating
Nausea and vomiting, bringing relief

До четверти язв протекает бессимптомно, особенно на фоне приёма обезболивающих, и первым проявлением становится кровотечение. Поэтому людям, длительно принимающим НПВС, необходима защита желудка по назначению врача.

Two main reasons

Additional factors: smoking (slows healing and increases the risk of relapse), alcohol, severe concomitant diseases
Stress itself does not cause ulcers, but it can worsen symptoms.
Rare causes: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Crohn's disease

Helicobacter pylori — вызывает большинство язв двенадцатиперстной кишки и значительную часть язв желудка. Её уничтожение приводит к заживлению и резко снижает вероятность рецидива.
НПВС (ибупрофен, диклофенак, аспирин и другие) — повреждают защитный барьер слизистой. Риск выше у пожилых, при длительном приёме, сочетании нескольких препаратов и приёме вместе с гормонами или антикоагулянтами.

Diagnostics

Гастроскопия — main метод: подтверждает язву, её локализацию и размер.
Биопсия of краёв язвы желудка обязательна: язва желудка может оказаться изъязвлённой опухолью.
Тест на H. pylori — дыхательный, анализ кала или биопсия.
Общий анализ крови — выявление анемии как признака скрытого кровотечения.
Контрольная гастроскопия после лечения язвы желудка — для подтверждения заживления.

Treatment

For H. pylori - eradication therapy 10–14 days: two antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor
Proton pump inhibitors continued until healing: usually 4–8 weeks
Cancellation or replacement of NSAIDs; if admission is necessary, gastric protection is prescribed
Control of eradication 4–6 weeks after the course is mandatory
Quitting smoking slows down healing by half
Surgical treatment is only for complications: bleeding, perforation, stenosis

После успешной эрадикации хеликобактера вероятность рецидива язвы падает с примерно 70% в год до единичных процентов. Именно поэтому курс нужно проходить полностью и обязательно подтверждать излечение.

Complications that require an ambulance

Bleeding: vomiting blood or “coffee grounds”, black tarry stools, severe weakness, pallor, rapid pulse
Perforation (perforation): sudden sharp pain in the upper abdomen, the abdomen is hard as a board, the person lies motionless
Penetration: pain becomes constant, radiates to the back, ceases to depend on food
Gastric outlet stenosis: vomiting food eaten the day before, weight loss

If you suspect these conditions, you should not take painkillers, eat or drink, or apply a heating pad - you must immediately call an ambulance.

Frequently asked questions: Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum

Is it true that ulcers are caused by nerves?+

No. The main reasons are Helicobacter pylori infection and taking NSAID painkillers. Stress can worsen symptoms, but does not cause ulcers on its own.

Is it possible to cure an ulcer permanently?+

Yes, in most cases. After successful eradication of Helicobacter, the relapse rate drops from approximately 70% per year to just a few percent.

Is a strict diet necessary?+

Years of strict diets are not required. It is more important to eliminate the cause: treat Helicobacter, discontinue NSAIDs and quit smoking. During an exacerbation, it is wise to avoid anything that increases pain.

How to understand that bleeding has started?+

Vomiting of blood or contents the color of coffee grounds, black tarry stools, severe weakness, pallor, dizziness. This is an indication to immediately call an ambulance.

Is a biopsy necessary for stomach ulcers?+

Yes. A stomach ulcer may turn out to be an ulcerated malignant tumor, so a biopsy is taken from the edges and a control gastroscopy is required after treatment.

The information on this page is for reference only and does not replace a doctor consultation. Only a qualified specialist can make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment after an in-person examination.