What does the doctor see?
The video endoscope provides an image of the mucous membrane with multiple magnification: erosions, ulcers, inflammatory changes, polyps, varicose veins of the esophagus and early tumor changes are visible. During the study, a biopsy is taken - both from suspicious areas and for a quick urease test for Helicobacter pylori, the main cause of peptic ulcers. The procedure takes 10–15 minutes and is performed on an empty stomach. Local anesthesia of the pharynx reduces the gag reflex; in case of severe discomfort or anxiety, the study is carried out in medicated sleep.
Why endoscopy is indispensable
Neither ultrasound, nor x-rays, nor tomography show the mucous membrane from the inside. Endoscopy provides a direct image with magnification: the doctor sees erosions, ulcers, polyps and early tumor changes several millimeters in size - and can immediately take a biopsy.
That is why endoscopic methods remain the standard in the diagnosis of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the main tool for the early detection of stomach and colon cancer.
When is it prescribed?
- abdominal pain, heartburn, nausea, heaviness after eating
- anemia of unknown origin, blood in stool
- change in bowel habits and unexplained weight loss
- screening after 45 years and with family history
- control after treatment of ulcers and removal of polyps
With or without sedation
Gastroscopy can be performed under local anesthesia of the pharynx - it is cheaper and does not require an accompaniment. Medicinal sleep eliminates discomfort completely and allows the doctor to work calmly, which is especially important during long-term examinations and therapeutic procedures. Sedation is almost always preferred for colonoscopy.