dr hasan
🏥kliniki*

Thyroid nodules: examination and treatment in Tashkent

Other names: Узел щитовидной железы, многоузловой зоб, коллоидный узел, TI-RADS

Nodules in the thyroid gland are found very often: ultrasound reveals them in a significant proportion of adults, and their frequency increases with age. The first reaction is almost always the same - fear and the thought of cancer. In fact, the vast majority of nodes are benign and require neither surgery nor treatment, but only observation. The doctor’s task is to use clear criteria to identify those few nodes that need puncture, and not subject all others to unnecessary interventions.

🧾 МКБ-10: E04 🏥 Where it is treated: 9 Most nodes are safeSolves ultrasound according to TI-RADSNot everyone needs a puncture
👨‍⚕️ Which doctor
Endocrinologist
🔬 Diagnostics
Ultrasound with TI-RADS, TSH, puncture biopsy
💊 Treatment
Observation, if indicated - surgery
📈 Prognosis
Favorable
⚠️ At risk
Iodine deficiency, age, neck radiation
⏱ When to see a doctor
Planned; with rapid growth - urgently

🚨 See a doctor urgently

With these signs do not wait for a scheduled appointment — the condition requires emergency care.

  • Быстрый рост узла за недели-месяцы
  • Плотный, неподвижный узел, спаянный с окружающими тканями
  • Осиплость голоса, затруднение глотания или дыхания
  • Увеличенные шейные лимфоузлы
  • Облучение головы и шеи в анамнезе, особенно в детстве
  • Рак щитовидной железы у близких родственников

Where does the examination begin?

  1. УЗИ щитовидной железы с описанием узла по системе TI-RADS — оценивают состав, эхогенность, форму, контуры и включения.
  2. ТТГ — если он снижен, узел может быть «горячим», то есть гормонально активным; такие узлы почти никогда не бывают злокачественными, и тактика другая.
  3. Тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия под контролем УЗИ — назначается по совокупности категории TI-RADS и размера узла, а не всем подряд.
  4. Кальцитонин — при подозрении на медуллярный рак и при семейном анамнезе.
TI-RADS — это шкала риска, а не диагноз. Категории 1–3 означают низкий риск и в большинстве случаев требуют только наблюдения; категории 4–5 — показание к пункции при соответствующем размере.

What does the puncture show?

  • A benign nodule is the most common finding; only observation required
  • Malignant or suspicious - indication for surgery
  • Follicular tumor - cytology cannot distinguish benign from malignant; surgery or molecular testing is required
  • Uninformative material - the puncture is repeated

The puncture is performed with a thin needle under ultrasound guidance, takes several minutes, is performed without anesthesia and is usually easily tolerated. This is the only way to find out the cellular composition of the node - it cannot be determined by ultrasound.

Is it necessary to treat and operate?

  • Benign nodule without symptoms and growth - only observation with ultrasound once every 1–2 years
  • The operation is indicated for confirmed malignancy, follicular tumor, large node with compression of the trachea and esophagus, cosmetic defect
  • For a “hot” node with thyrotoxicosis - radioiodine therapy or surgery
  • Minimally invasive methods (ethanol sclerotherapy, radiofrequency ablation) - for benign nodes and cysts according to indications
  • Hormonal suppressive therapy for the “resorption” of nodes is not used today: it is ineffective and unsafe
Препараты йода назначают не для лечения существующего узла, а для профилактики зоба в регионах с дефицитом йода. Самостоятельный приём йода при узловом зобе может спровоцировать тиреотоксикоз.

Surveillance and prevention

  • Control ultrasound according to a schedule determined by the doctor - usually once every 1–2 years for a stable benign node
  • Repeated puncture if the node grows significantly or its characteristics change
  • TSH control
  • The use of iodized salt is a basic goiter prevention
  • Avoid exposure to the neck area unless medically indicated.
  • Tell your doctor if there is a family history of thyroid cancer.

Services and prices for this diagnosis

Based on official price lists of Tashkent clinics. The exact cost is determined after examination.

Frequently asked questions: Nodular goiter

Is a thyroid nodule cancer?+
In the vast majority of cases, no. Nodules are found very often, and more than 90% of them turn out to be benign. The risk is assessed according to the TI-RADS ultrasound category and, if necessary, clarified by puncture.
Does everyone need a puncture?+
No. Indications are determined by a combination of TI-RADS category and nodule size. Small nodes with a low risk category do not need to be punctured; observation is sufficient.
Is it painful to have a puncture?+
The procedure is performed with a very thin needle under ultrasound guidance, takes several minutes and is usually comparable in sensations to a regular injection. No anesthesia is required.
Is it possible to “dissolve” a knot with tablets?+
No. Hormonal suppressive therapy to reduce nodes is not used today - it is ineffective and unsafe. Benign nodes are simply observed.
Should I take iodine?+
Iodine preparations serve to prevent goiter in regions with deficiency, but do not treat an existing nodule. Self-administration of iodine for nodular goiter can provoke thyrotoxicosis - a doctor prescribes it.
How often should I do a follow-up ultrasound?+
For a stable benign nodule, usually once every 1–2 years. The schedule is determined by the doctor based on the characteristics of the node and the result of the puncture.

The information on this page is for reference only and does not replace a doctor consultation. Only a qualified specialist can make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment after an in-person examination.

Where it is treated nodular goiter в Ташкенте

Тактика при узле определяется его характеристиками на УЗИ и уровнем ТТГ, а не самим фактом наличия. Приём эндокринологов в Ташкенте:

Tashkent, Uchtepa district, Chilanzar 12 apt., st. M. Shaykhzoda, 7
M Olmazor 🚶 1.2 km
M Chilonzor 🚶 1.7 km
M Mirzo Ulug'bek 🚶 2.5 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 260 m · buses: 8, 41
Mon–Fri:08:30–17:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Учтепинский district, Chilonzor 12 block, st. М.Шайхзода, 7
M Olmazor 🚶 1.2 km
M Chilonzor 🚶 1.7 km
M Mirzo Ulug'bek 🚶 2.5 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 310 m · buses: 8, 41
Mon–Fri:08:30–17:00
Closed now
st. Mirzaeva 50, Yunusabad 17, Yunusabad district, Tashkent Landmark: opposite the Nazar M...
M Turkiston 🚶 1.5 km
M Yunusobod 🚶 2.0 km
M Shahriston 🚶 2.8 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 100 m · buses: 7
Mon–Fri:09:00–18:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Mirabad district, st. Oybek, 34d
M Toshkent 🚶 550 m
M Oybek 🚶 850 m
M Kosmonavtlar 🚶 1.3 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 150 m · buses: 22
Tashkent, A-Yugnaki, st. Proyektnaya, G-40 landmark TTZ, market
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 30 m · buses: 1, 17, 25
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Mirabad district, 21d
M Oybek 🚶 1.2 km
M Kosmonavtlar 🚶 1.5 km
M O'zbekiston 🚶 1.8 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 110 m · buses: 18, 38, 57, 58
Mon–Fri:09:00–17:00
Closed now
st. Magtymguly 105 (formerly Tarakkiyot), Yashnabad district, Tashkent Landmark: old TashM...
M Hamid Olimjon 🚶 1.5 km
M Mashinasozlar 🚶 1.5 km
M Ming O'rik 🚶 1.7 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 240 m · buses: 14
Mon–Fri:08:00–18:00
Closed now
Tashkent, Yakkasaray district, st. Sh.Rustaveli, 109 A
M Oybek 🚶 2.4 km
M Kosmonavtlar 🚶 2.6 km
M Novza 🚶 2.9 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 70 m · buses: 2, 11, 12, 40, 45, 47
Пн–Sat:08:00–17:30
Closed now
Tashkent, Olmazar Tumani, Kichik Khalka Yuli 5 "A" y
M Beruniy 🚶 500 m
M Tinchlik 🚶 1.1 km
M Chorsu 🚶 2.9 km
🚌 Nearest bus stop 🚶 190 m · buses: 31, 34
Mon–Fri:08:30–17:00
Closed now

ICD-10 code

Official international classification codes — these are used in medical records and statistics.

Other diseases: Endocrinology

Book