Cardiologist, Alexander Pavlovich Chernysh, will introduce you to an article on the topic: “Hypertension”

Cardiologist, head of the hospital, Alexander Pavlovich Chernysh, will introduce you to an article on the topic: “Hypertension”

I want to support the general education cycle. A kind of “LikBez”.

In my practice, I often encounter the “illiteracy” of patients in terms of their health. Patients have a lot of garbage and lies in their heads from the “luminaries of medical science.” There is also a lot of half-true or outright false information about many types of diseases and methods of treating them. People began to get involved in a healthy lifestyle (HLS) and “proper” nutrition, traditional medicine and esoteric practices. That is why I would like to help patients - not to waste money on unnecessary and sometimes dangerous treatment, and to help colleagues so that they do not have to understand the consequences of this very treatment.

I decided to start with the scourge of modern society - HYPERTENSION.

Here is the definition from Wiki: “Arterial hypertension (AH, hypertension, hypertension; ancient Greek hiper - “above, above” + ancient Greek tonos - “tension; tone”) - a persistent increase in blood pressure from 140/90 mm Hg. Art. and higher." This is a classic, although there is latent hypertension, isolated and many other different ones, which I won’t write about - it’s up to the doctor to understand this and prescribe the correct treatment, and even then it won’t be an article, but a whole treatise.

Hypertension, like some other chronic diseases (for example, diabetes mellitus or bronchial asthma), cannot be cured forever, however, the disease can be controlled - i.e. avoid exacerbations and complications, maintain normal health and performance for many years.

It is precisely these goals - control over blood pressure, long-term remission and optimization of the standard of living, prevention of stroke, heart attack, angina pectoris and other complications - that confront the doctor and the patient who are embarking on the path to combating this disease.

Symptoms

Unpleasant sensations associated with increased blood pressure - tinnitus, headaches and other symptoms of incipient hypertension - largely coincide with the signs of ordinary fatigue.

Most patients, noting a deterioration in their health and unsuccessfully trying to fight it in various ways, do not even think about their blood pressure, and also do not imagine the real scale of the danger - the numerous complications of hypertension.

That’s why doctors call hypertension an “invisible killer”—too often the patient’s diagnosis is made by emergency doctors or resuscitators. But high blood pressure does not require complex diagnostics; it can be detected during a routine preventive examination and, if treatment is started on time, in most patients it can be corrected.

You can check yourself. If you periodically or regularly experience the following symptoms, a hidden course of hypertension cannot be ruled out:

·          headaches;

·          dizziness;

·          weak, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia);

·          sweating;

·          facial redness;

·          feeling of pulsation in the head;

·          chills;

· anxiety;

·          memory impairment;

·          internal tension;

·          irritability;

·          decreased performance;

·          spots before the eyes;

·          swelling of the eyelids and puffiness of the face in the morning;

·          swelling of the hands and numbness of the fingers.

Perhaps the listed ailments do not bother you constantly, but from time to time, and after rest they completely recede for some time. Unfortunately, this is not yet a reason for optimism, but only a manifestation of the special insidiousness of hypertension.

If you do not adjust your lifestyle and do not start treatment on time, the disease will progress, wearing out the heart, causing severe and irreversible damage to target organs: the brain, kidneys, blood vessels, fundus.

In the later stages of the disease, all of these symptoms intensify and become permanent. In addition, memory and intelligence are significantly reduced, coordination is impaired, gait changes, sensitivity decreases, weakness appears in the arms and legs, and vision deteriorates.

In order not to expose your health and life to unjustified risk, if you have at least a few symptoms and, especially, risk factors for hypertension, you should regularly measure your blood pressure and, if it increases, consult a doctor as soon as possible.

If there are or have been patients with cardiovascular diseases in your family, if you are over forty years old, if there are other factsIf you are at risk or you have already observed symptoms of incipient hypertension, your blood pressure should be measured daily.

How to measure blood pressure at home

At home, tonometers with a phonendoscope or more modern electronic devices are used. Working with a phonendoscope is a little more difficult - not everyone can immediately catch the sounds of pulsation. In this case, you just need to practice a little, maybe on family members.

Before measuring pressure, you need to prepare the tonometer for use - align the tonometer needle with the zero mark on the scale.

Before measuring your blood pressure, you should not drink coffee, smoke, or drink alcohol. It is advisable to sit quietly for a few minutes, leaning back in a chair.

Blood pressure is measured while sitting. The forearm (from elbow to hand) of the right hand rests freely on the table. The cuff is attached slightly above the elbow, where the pulse is felt most strongly.

The ring at the top of the rubber bulb must be tightened so that air flows only into the cuff.

Having put on the phonendoscope and pressing its head to the elbow cavity, we begin to pump air into the cuff using a rubber bulb. When the arrow reaches the “200” mark, you need to begin to smoothly release the ring so that the air gradually leaves the cuff. The arrow will creep down, and at this time you will hear a pulsating sound, which then disappears again.

The number where the tonometer needle will be at the moment the pulse sounds appear is an indicator of the upper (systolic) pressure, and the number where the sounds disappear shows the lower (diastolic) blood pressure.

Forecast

Hypertension is the main risk factor for most cardiovascular diseases, the mortality from which accounts for 53.1% of the total mortality of the population.

Despite this, the prognosis for a particular patient can be quite favorable. This requires timely detection of the disease, correct treatment tactics, as well as the patient’s conscious work aimed at avoiding dangerous complications of the disease or its transition to a more severe form.

The prognosis for men is less favorable than for women. The course and outcome of the disease are influenced by factors such as the level and stability of pressure, the rate of progression of atherosclerosis, the presence of concomitant diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, and discirculatory encephalopathy.

In particular, the risk of stroke and heart attack in patients with hypertension increases:

·          with myocardial hypertrophy;

·          with hyperrenin (angiotensin-dependent) form of hypertension;

·          if the patient has a complex of cerebral complaints;

·          in patients with hypertensive arterial crises.

The frequency of complications depends on the age at which a person developed hypertension: the earlier the first symptoms of the disease appeared, the worse the prognosis. However, identification and treatment of patients in combination, with correction of their risk factors, significantly reduces the risk of death within three years.

The most important factor that positively influences the prognosis of hypertension will always remain the patient’s attitude towards his illness and his willingness to accurately and consistently follow the instructions of the attending physician.

And, as a conclusion from all of the above, to prevent complications and control hypertension it is necessary (just something):

·         Follow all doctor’s recommendations.

·         Monitor your blood pressure regularly.

·         Quit smoking.

·         Limit your salt intake.

·         Eat more greens, fruits, foods rich in potassium and magnesium.

·         Try to lose extra pounds.

·         Be able to switch gears and not get hung up on troubles.

·         Move more.

Be healthy!

You can always ask the specialists of the VITAMED MEDICAL clinic any questions you are interested in by sending a request by e-mail or by contacting us by phone:

info@vitamed.uz

(+998 71) 129-81-81

(+998 71) 129-82-82

Additional information:

www.vitamed.uz

Telegram channel - https://telegram.me/vitameduz

Ambulance – 1063, (+998 71) 129-00-03

Be healthy and take care of your loved ones!