Eklampsiya qanday rivojlanadi?
Asos - homiladorlikning dastlabki bosqichlarida platsentada qon tomirlari shakllanishining buzilishi. Shu sababli, onaning qoniga butun tananing qon tomirlarining ichki qoplamasiga zarar etkazadigan moddalar chiqariladi. Tomirlar spazmi, bosim kuchayadi, suyuqlik qon oqimini to'qimalarga qoldiradi, buyraklar, jigar, koagulyatsiya tizimi va miya azoblanadi. Miya qon oqimining tartibga solinishi buzilganda va miya hududlarining shishishi rivojlanganda, soqchilik paydo bo'ladi. Eklampsi tug'ilgandan keyin, ko'pincha birinchi kunlarda rivojlanishi mumkinligi muhim, shuning uchun kuzatish tug'ruqdan keyingi davrda davom etadi.
- Platsentaning qon tomirlari shakllanishining buzilishi
- Qon tomirlarining ichki qoplamining shikastlanishi
- Vazospazm va qon bosimi ortishi
- Buyraklar, jigar va koagulyatsion tizimning shikastlanishi
- Miya qon oqimining buzilishi va miya shishi
- Homiladorlik, tug'ish va tug'ruqdan keyingi davrda tutilishlar
Prekursorlar va alomatlar
Ko'pincha, hujumdan oldin har bir homilador ayol bilishi kerak bo'lgan ogohlantiruvchi belgilar mavjud. Bu dam olish bilan bartaraf etilmaydigan doimiy bosh og'rig'i, dog'lar, chayqalishlar yoki parda ko'rinishidagi ko'rishning buzilishi, epigastral mintaqada yoki o'ng qovurg'a ostidagi og'riqlar, homiladorlikning ikkinchi yarmida ko'ngil aynishi va qusish, shishning keskin ko'payishi va tez kilogramm ortishi. Hujumning o'zi yuz mushaklarining chayqalishi bilan boshlanadi, keyin butun tananing kuchlanish bosqichi boshlanadi, so'ngra konvulsiv chayqalish boshlanadi, shundan so'ng ayol ongini yo'qotadi va asta-sekin o'ziga keladi, nima bo'lganini eslay olmaydi.
- Doimiy bosh og'rig'i
- Ko'z oldida suzuvchilar, chaqnashlar, pardalar
- O'ng qovurg'a ostida yoki epigastral mintaqada og'riq
- Homiladorlikning kech davrida ko'ngil aynishi va qayt qilish
- Yuz va qo'llarning shishishining keskin o'sishi
- Yuqori qon bosimi va siydikda protein
- Ongni yo'qotish bilan konvulsiv hujum
Tez yordam kelishidan oldin birinchi yordam
If a pregnant woman has a seizure, the main thing is to immediately call 103 and protect her from injury. The woman is laid on her left side on a flat surface, hard and sharp objects are removed nearby, and something soft is placed under her head. You cannot unclench your teeth, insert a spoon or fingers between them, hold them with force, give them something to drink, or put medicine in your mouth. After the attack ends, you need to clear your mouth of vomit, if it is safe to do so, and maintain the position on your side. Until doctors arrive, it is important to remain nearby and note the onset time and duration of the attack.
- Darhol 103 raqamiga qo'ng'iroq qiling
- Lay on your left side on a flat surface
- Remove hard objects and protect your head
- Do not hold with force or unclench your jaw
- Do not give anything by mouth
- After an attack, ensure airway patency
- Remember the time and duration of the attack
Kasalxonada yordam
Treatment is carried out in the intensive care unit of an obstetric hospital. The drug of choice for stopping and preventing seizures is magnesium sulfate, which is administered according to a strict regimen under the control of breathing, reflexes and urination. At the same time, blood pressure is reduced to safe values, preventing its sharp drop, since this impairs blood flow in the placenta. The condition of the fetus is assessed and blood and urine tests are performed. The only radical solution is delivery: the date and method are determined by the medical team based on the condition of the mother, child and the duration of pregnancy.
- Admission to the intensive care unit
- Magnesium sulfate for the relief and prevention of seizures
- Controlled reduction of blood pressure
- Xomilaning monitoringi
- Monitoring blood tests, liver tests, platelets and creatinine
- Delivery as the main method of treatment
- Continued observation and therapy after childbirth
Prevention and monitoring after childbirth
Preeclampsia cannot be completely prevented, but the risk can be significantly reduced. For women at risk, the doctor prescribes prophylactic administration of low doses of acetylsalicylic acid starting from the end of the first trimester and calcium supplements if calcium intake is insufficient. Regular follow-up is key, with blood pressure taken and urine protein tested at every visit. After eclampsia, observation continues: such women have a higher risk of high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases in the future, so they are recommended to control blood pressure and have a healthy lifestyle.
- Early registration and regular visits
- Blood pressure measurement and urine protein test at every visit
- Low doses of acetylsalicylic acid in risk groups as prescribed by a doctor
- Calcium supplements for insufficient intake
- Know the warning signs and plan for action
- Tug'ilgandan keyingi birinchi haftalarda kuzatish
- Monitoring blood pressure and weight in the long term
